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The Puente Colgante, originally called Puente de Claveria, was a suspension bridge that connected the Manila districts of Quiapo and Ermita across the Pasig River in the Philippines. Designed by the Basque engineer Matias Menchacatorre and completed in 1852, it was the first suspension bridge in Southeast Asia and the first toll bridge of its kind in the Philippines. The bridge was replaced by Quezon Bridge in the 1930s. ==History== Puente Colgante (which is the term for a suspension bridge in Spanish; literally, ''hanging bridge''), the second bridge built over Pasig river, was the first suspension bridge built in Southeast Asia when it was started in 1849 and completed in 1852.〔 It was built and owned by ''Ynchausti y Compañia'', the business headed by Jose Joaquin de Ynchausti.〔 He commissioned the design from Basque engineer Matias Menchacatorre.〔 The bridge was first named ''Puente de Claveria'', likely in honor of the Governor-General of the Philippines Narciso Clavería, who served from 1844-1849. The suspension bridge measured long and wide, and had two lanes that allowed passage of horses and ''carabao''-drawn carriages. It was also opened for pedestrians traveling on foot between Quiapo and Intramuros and nearby areas. In 1854 Ynchausti brought together the Ynchausti family holdings under the above name. A Basque Spaniard born in Cadiz, de Ynchausti immigrated to the Philippines in the second quarter of the nineteenth century and built a business empire.〔(Marciano R. de Borja, ''Basques in the Philippines'' ), University of Nevada Press, 2005, p. 132, accessed 20 January 2011〕 In 1889 ''Ynchausti y Compañia'' was the largest company in the Philippines. The 20th-century writer Nick Joaquin described the bridge as it was in the 1870s: “Across the city’s river now arched … the amazing Puente Colgante, suspended in the air, like a salute to the age of science and engineering. The Industrial Age found its expression in the Philippines in the form of a bridge unparalleled throughout Asia.”〔 Historians dispute local traditions that say the bridge was designed by Gustave Eiffel, who designed the Eiffel Tower in Paris. (This is also asserted about the ''Puente de Ayala''.) They note the original bridge has been documented as designed by a Basque.〔(Alejandro R. Roces, "One of the symbols of 19th century Manila was its Hanging Bridge built and owned by Basques" ), ''Euskacultura''〕 (In addition, the 1930s work was performed a decade after Eiffel died in 1923.) Puente Colgante was later replaced by Quezon Bridge in the 1930s. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Puente Colgante (Manila)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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